Melilla

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Puerta_de_la_Marina,_Melilla

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Melilla is an autonomous city of Spain located on the north coast of Africa, sharing a border with Morocco. It is one of two Spanish enclaves in mainland Africa, the other being Ceuta. Melilla, along with Ceuta, is claimed by Morocco. The city has a population of approximately 86,000 inhabitants and covers an area of 12.3 square kilometers.

History[edit | edit source]

Melilla has a rich history that dates back to the Phoenicians, who established a trading post in the area. It was later occupied by the Carthaginians, Romans, and Byzantines. In 1497, Melilla was conquered by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. Since then, it has remained under Spanish control, despite various sieges and attempts by Moroccan forces to reclaim it.

Geography[edit | edit source]

Melilla is situated on the eastern coast of the Rif Mountains and has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot summers and mild winters. The city is divided into several districts, including the historic Old Town, which features a blend of Spanish and Moorish architecture.

Economy[edit | edit source]

The economy of Melilla is primarily based on trade, fishing, and tourism. The city benefits from its status as a free port, which attracts businesses and shoppers from both Spain and Morocco. Additionally, Melilla has a significant public sector presence, with many residents employed in government services.

Culture[edit | edit source]

Melilla is a melting pot of cultures, with a diverse population that includes Christians, Muslims, Jews, and Hindus. This cultural diversity is reflected in the city's festivals, cuisine, and architecture. Notable landmarks include the Melilla la Vieja, a fortified old town, and the Plaza de España, a central square surrounded by important buildings.

Education[edit | edit source]

Melilla is home to several educational institutions, including primary and secondary schools, as well as a campus of the University of Granada. The city also has various cultural and educational centers that promote the study of its unique history and heritage.

Transportation[edit | edit source]

Melilla is accessible by sea and air. The Port of Melilla connects the city to mainland Spain and other Mediterranean destinations. The Melilla Airport offers flights to several Spanish cities, including Madrid and Málaga.

Politics[edit | edit source]

As an autonomous city, Melilla has its own local government, which is responsible for various administrative functions. The city is represented in the Spanish Parliament and has a degree of legislative autonomy. The political landscape in Melilla is diverse, with several parties vying for control of the local government.