Melilotus albus

Apis mellifera - Melilotus albus - Keila

Melilotus albus, commonly known as white sweetclover, is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Europe and Asia but has been widely introduced to other regions, including North America, where it is often considered an invasive species.

Description

Melilotus albus is a biennial plant that typically grows to a height of 1-2 meters. The plant has a deep taproot and erect, branching stems. The leaves are trifoliate, with each leaflet being oblong to lanceolate in shape. The flowers are small, white, and fragrant, arranged in elongated racemes. The fruit is a small, one-seeded pod.

Habitat

Melilotus albus thrives in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, roadsides, and disturbed areas. It prefers well-drained soils and can tolerate a range of soil pH levels. The plant is also known for its ability to fix nitrogen, which allows it to grow in nutrient-poor soils.

Ecological Impact

In regions where Melilotus albus has been introduced, it can become invasive, outcompeting native vegetation and altering local ecosystems. Its ability to fix nitrogen can lead to changes in soil chemistry, which can affect the growth of native plant species.

Uses

Melilotus albus has several uses, including as a forage crop for livestock and as a green manure to improve soil fertility. The plant is also used in traditional medicine for its purported anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties.

Management

Managing the spread of Melilotus albus involves a combination of mechanical, chemical, and biological control methods. Mechanical methods include mowing and hand-pulling, while chemical control involves the use of herbicides. Biological control methods are still being researched.

See Also

• Fabaceae
• Legume
• Invasive species
• Green manure
• Traditional medicine