Melophagus ovinus

Melophagus ovinus, commonly known as the sheep ked or sheep tick, is a species of parasitic insect that belongs to the family Hippoboscidae. Unlike true ticks, Melophagus ovinus is a fly, not an arachnid. It is a wingless, reddish-brown insect that is specifically adapted to parasitize sheep.

Description

Melophagus ovinus is a small insect, typically measuring between 4 to 6 millimeters in length. It has a flattened body and strong legs, which are adapted for clinging onto the wool of its host. The insect is wingless, a characteristic that distinguishes it from most other members of the Diptera order.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Melophagus ovinus is unique among insects. The female produces a single larva at a time, which she retains within her body until it is fully developed. Once the larva is mature, it is deposited in the wool of the host sheep, where it immediately pupates. The entire life cycle, from egg to adult, takes approximately four to six weeks.

Impact on Sheep

Melophagus ovinus is a significant pest of sheep. The insect feeds on the blood of its host, causing irritation and distress. In severe infestations, the constant biting and blood loss can lead to reduced weight gain and wool production. In addition, the insect can transmit diseases such as sheep scab and Trypanosoma melophagium, a protozoan parasite.

Control

Control of Melophagus ovinus typically involves the use of insecticides. These can be applied as a dip, spray, or pour-on treatment. In addition, regular shearing can help to reduce the population of the insect, as it prefers long wool.

See Also

• Hippoboscidae
• Parasitic Insect
• Sheep Scab
• Trypanosoma melophagium