Mesentery (zoology)

Mesentery in zoology refers to a fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen. Its primary function is to provide a pathway for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics to reach the intestines. The concept of the mesentery has evolved significantly over time, especially with recent research suggesting that it should be considered an organ in its own right, due to its unique structure, function, and importance in human health and disease.

Structure

The mesentery is composed of two layers of peritoneum with a thin layer of connective tissue between them. It supports the intestines and enables their movement within the abdomen while also maintaining their alignment with the digestive tract. The mesentery is rich in blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves that supply the intestines.

Function

The primary function of the mesentery is to anchor the intestines to the abdominal wall, allowing for stability and preventing the intestines from becoming entangled. Additionally, the mesentery facilitates the transport of blood and lymphatic fluid to and from the intestines. It also plays a role in the immune response, as it contains lymph nodes that filter pathogens from the lymphatic fluid.

Clinical Significance

The mesentery is involved in various pathological conditions. For example, inflammation of the mesentery, known as mesenteritis, can cause abdominal pain and discomfort. Mesenteric ischemia, which occurs when there is a reduction in blood flow to the mesentery, can lead to severe complications, including intestinal necrosis. The mesentery is also a site where various types of cancer can spread or originate, including peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Recent Research

Recent research has proposed that the mesentery should be classified as an organ due to its distinct anatomical features, its unique set of functions, and its potential implications for disease. This reclassification could have significant implications for surgical practices, medical education, and research into abdominal diseases.

See Also

• Peritoneum
• Small intestine
• Lymphatic system
• Mesenteritis
• Peritoneal carcinomatosis