Metabolites

Metabolites are the intermediates and products of metabolism. The term metabolite is usually restricted to small molecules. Metabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, catalytic activity of their own (usually as a cofactor to an enzyme), defense, and interactions with other organisms (e.g. pigments, odorants, and pheromones). A primary metabolite is directly involved in normal growth, development, and reproduction. A secondary metabolite is not directly involved in those processes, but usually has important ecological function.

Classification

Metabolites can be classified into two main groups: primary and secondary metabolites.

Primary Metabolites

Primary metabolites are directly involved in growth, development, and reproduction. They are synthesized during the growth phase. Examples include amino acids, nucleic acids, and sugars.

Secondary Metabolites

Secondary metabolites are not directly involved in those processes, but usually have important ecological function. They are synthesized during the stationary phase. Examples include antibiotics, pigments, and toxins.

Functions

Metabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, catalytic activity of their own (usually as a cofactor to an enzyme), defense, and interactions with other organisms (e.g. pigments, odorants, and pheromones).

See Also

• Metabolism
• Enzyme
• Primary metabolites
• Secondary metabolites

References

Metabolites Resources
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