Metasequoia

SJSU Dawn Redwood

MetaseqLeaves

Metasequoia branchlet 03

Metasequoia glyptostroboides mature habit

Metasequoia (Latin for "middle sequoia"), commonly known as Dawn Redwood, is a genus of deciduous conifer in the family Cupressaceae. It contains only one living species, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, which is native to the Sichuan and Hubei provinces of China. Despite being a conifer, Metasequoia is deciduous, shedding its leaves in the autumn. This tree is known for its fast growth and has been widely planted as an ornamental tree in various parts of the world outside its native range.

Description

Metasequoia glyptostroboides can reach heights of up to 30-40 meters (100-130 feet) and has a trunk diameter of 1-1.5 meters (3.3-4.9 feet). The bark is deeply fissured and has a reddish-brown color. The leaves are opposite, 1-3 cm long, and bright fresh green, turning a foxy red or brown in autumn. The cones are small, 1.5-2.5 cm long, and mature in about 8-9 months after pollination.

History

Metasequoia was known initially from fossil records and was believed to have been extinct for millions of years. In 1941, however, a small population of Metasequoia trees was discovered in China, in a remote valley of the Hubei province. This discovery was considered one of the great botanical finds of the 20th century. The species was introduced to the rest of the world shortly after its discovery, and it has since become a popular ornamental tree.

Ecology

Metasequoia glyptostroboides prefers wet, swampy sites but is adaptable to a variety of soil types. It is a fast-growing tree, which makes it a popular choice for landscaping and urban planting. The tree is also valued for its resistance to disease and pests.

Conservation

Although widely cultivated, the wild populations of Metasequoia glyptostroboides are considered endangered. Conservation efforts are in place to protect these remaining populations in China. The species' limited natural range and the threat of habitat destruction are the primary concerns for its conservation.

Cultural Significance

The discovery of the Metasequoia in the 20th century has made it a symbol of survival and resilience. It is often planted in botanical gardens and parks around the world as a living fossil and a reminder of the earth's long and varied history.

See Also

• Sequoia
• Sequoiadendron
• Conifer
• Deciduous
• Fossil