Hubei

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Chinese silk, 4th Century BC

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TRIBU TRES GARGANTAS-CHINA (35461639914)

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武汉·黄鹤楼 - panoramio

Danjiangkou, Shiyan, Hubei, China - panoramio (1)

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Qing river

Hubei is a province located in the central part of the People's Republic of China. It is part of the larger region known as Central China and is bordered by six provinces: Henan to the north, Anhui to the east, Jiangxi to the southeast, Hunan to the south, Chongqing to the west, and Shaanxi to the northwest. The name "Hubei" means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The provincial capital of Hubei is Wuhan, which is also the largest city in the province and a major transportation hub in China.

Geography

Hubei covers an area of approximately 185,900 square kilometers and has a varied landscape that includes mountains, hills, plains, and lakes. The Yangtze River and its major tributary, the Han River, flow through the province, providing vital water resources for agriculture, industry, and human consumption. The province is also home to the Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest power station in terms of installed capacity.

History

Hubei has a rich history dating back thousands of years. It was the location of several ancient states during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, including the state of Chu. During the Qin dynasty, it became part of the first unified Chinese empire. The region saw significant development during the Tang dynasty and Song dynasty, with the growth of its cities and commerce. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Hubei was a center of revolutionary activity against the Qing dynasty, playing a significant role in the Xinhai Revolution that led to the establishment of the Republic of China.

Economy

Hubei is an important industrial base in China, with industries such as automotive, steel, and high technology playing significant roles in its economy. The province is also a major agricultural producer, with crops including rice, cotton, and tea. Wuhan, as a major industrial and commercial center, contributes significantly to the province's economic output.

Demographics

As of the latest census, Hubei has a population of over 58 million people. The majority of the population is of the Han Chinese ethnic group, with small communities of other ethnic minorities. Mandarin Chinese is the official language, with local dialects such as the Wuhan dialect also spoken.

Culture

Hubei's culture is rich and diverse, with influences from its historical association with the state of Chu. This is reflected in its traditional music, folk dances, and festivals. The province is also known for its culinary tradition, with dishes such as hot dry noodles (热干面) being popular.

Education

Hubei is a center of education and research in China, hosting numerous universities and colleges. The most prestigious of these is Wuhan University, which is renowned for its beautiful campus and academic excellence. Other notable institutions include Huazhong University of Science and Technology and China University of Geosciences (Wuhan).

Tourism

The province offers a variety of tourist attractions, from the natural beauty of the Shennongjia Forest District to the historic sites in Wuhan. The Three Gorges Dam and the surrounding Three Gorges of the Yangtze River are also major draws for visitors.