Mohiniyattam

Mohiniyattom performance

Mohiniyattam at Kannur district school kalothsavam 2019 10

Sunanda mohiniattam

Mohiniyattam at Kerala School Kalolsavam 2019 02

Rekha Raju DS

Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form from Kerala, India, that embodies grace, elegance, and beauty in its movements and expressions. It is one of the eight Indian classical dance forms recognized by the Sangeet Natak Akademi. The name Mohiniyattam comes from the words "Mohini" meaning a woman who enchants onlookers and "attam" meaning graceful and sensuous body movements. The dance form is considered to be a visual expression of the feminine form of love and devotion to the divine, blending the elements of Bhakti and Shringara (devotion and beauty).

History

The origins of Mohiniyattam are rooted in the history and culture of Kerala. It is believed to have originated in the 16th century, drawing elements from the older dance forms of the region such as Dasiyattam. The dance was traditionally performed in the temples and courts of ancient Kerala. However, it faced a period of decline during the British colonial rule but was revived in the 20th century, thanks to the efforts of visionary artists and revivalists.

Performance

A typical Mohiniyattam performance involves solo recitals by women, characterized by gentle, flowing movements that emphasize the feminine form. The repertoire of Mohiniyattam includes Cholkettu (invocatory item), Jatiswaram, Varnam (a narrative piece), Padam (expressional piece), and Tillana (pure dance). The music accompanying Mohiniyattam is classical Carnatic music, and the lyrics are usually in Malayalam, the language of Kerala.

Costume and Makeup

The costume for Mohiniyattam is distinctive and elegant. It typically consists of a white or off-white sari embroidered with gold brocade or gold-colored borders, worn in a traditional style. The dancer's hair is gathered and adorned with jasmine flowers in a manner that enhances the femininity of the performer. The makeup is subtle, highlighting the natural beauty and expressions of the dancer.

Technique

Mohiniyattam employs the classical dance technique of Adavus (basic dance units) and Mudras (hand gestures) as defined in the ancient texts of Natya Shastra. The dance form emphasizes Lasya - the gentle, lyrical, and graceful aspect of dance, in contrast to the vigorous and masculine Tandava of other classical dance forms. The movements in Mohiniyattam are characterized by the swaying of the body and the subtle facial expressions that convey the emotions of the dance narrative.

Cultural Significance

Mohiniyattam is more than just a dance form; it is a cultural emblem of Kerala, showcasing the artistic, spiritual, and social heritage of the region. It plays a crucial role in the preservation and propagation of Malayalam literature and music through its performances. Mohiniyattam has gained international recognition and is taught and performed worldwide.

Current Status

Today, Mohiniyattam is practiced and performed by dancers all over the world, and it continues to evolve while retaining its traditional roots. Institutions and dance schools in Kerala and beyond offer training in Mohiniyattam, ensuring the transmission of this exquisite art form to future generations.