Monilia fructigena

Monilia fructigena is a fungal pathogen that primarily affects fruit trees. It is commonly known as the brown rot fungus and is a significant cause of post-harvest fruit decay.

Taxonomy

The fungus belongs to the Ascomycota division, which is the largest phylum of fungi, comprising about 75% of all described fungal species. It is classified under the Monilia genus, which includes several other plant pathogens.

Hosts and Symptoms

Monilia fructigena primarily affects pome fruits such as apples and pears, but can also infect other fruit trees like peaches and apricots. The fungus causes a disease known as brown rot, which is characterized by the browning and shriveling of the fruit, often accompanied by the presence of tan or cream-colored pustules.

Disease Cycle

The fungus overwinters in mummified fruits or infected twigs. In spring, it produces spores that are spread by wind and rain to blossoms or young fruits. The spores germinate and penetrate the fruit, causing infection. The infected fruit eventually falls to the ground, where it can serve as a source of new infections.

Management

Management of Monilia fructigena involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical control. Cultural practices include the removal and destruction of infected fruits and pruning of infected branches. Chemical control involves the use of fungicides, which are typically applied during the bloom period to prevent infection.

See Also

• Monilinia laxa
• Monilinia fructicola
• Brown rot