Morus (plant)

Morus alba FrJPG

Morus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae. The genus comprises 10–16 species of deciduous trees commonly known as mulberries, growing wild and under cultivation in many temperate world regions. The closely related genus Broussonetia is also commonly known as mulberry, notably the paper mulberry, Broussonetia papyrifera.

Description

Mulberries are fast-growing when young, but soon become slow-growing and rarely exceed 10–15 meters (33–49 feet) tall. The leaves are alternately arranged, simple, and often lobed and serrated on the margin. The trees are known for their fruit, which is a multiple fruit, 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) long. The fruit is a compound cluster of several small drupes, resembling a blackberry. The color of the fruit does not distinguish the species. The fruit of the white mulberry (Morus alba) is white when immature, but can be pink or dark purple when ripe. The fruit of the red mulberry (Morus rubra) and black mulberry (Morus nigra) are dark purple when ripe.

Species

Some of the notable species within the genus Morus include:

• Morus alba - White mulberry
• Morus nigra - Black mulberry
• Morus rubra - Red mulberry

Distribution and Habitat

Mulberries are native to warm temperate and subtropical regions of the world, with the majority of species native to Asia. They are also found in Africa, Europe, and the Americas. The white mulberry (Morus alba) is native to eastern and central China, the black mulberry (Morus nigra) to western Asia, and the red mulberry (Morus rubra) to eastern North America.

Uses

Mulberries are cultivated for their fruits, which are used in pies, tarts, wines, cordials, and herbal teas. The leaves of the white mulberry are the primary food source for the silkworm (Bombyx mori), which is used in the production of silk. Mulberry wood is also valued for its durability and is used in the manufacture of furniture and sporting goods.

Cultivation

Mulberries are easy to grow and can be propagated by seed, cuttings, or grafting. They prefer well-drained soil and full sun but can tolerate a range of soil conditions. Mulberries are also known for their resilience and can withstand drought and poor soil.

Health Benefits

Mulberries are rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamin C, vitamin K, iron, and potassium. They also contain dietary fiber and various antioxidants, which are beneficial for health. The fruit has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, including heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis.

Related Pages

• Moraceae
• Silkworm
• Blackberry
• Deciduous
• Multiple fruit