Mosquito bite allergy

Mosquito Bite Allergy

Mosquito bite allergy, also known as Skeeter Syndrome, is an allergic reaction to the proteins in mosquito saliva. This condition is characterized by excessive swelling, redness, itching, and discomfort at the site of the mosquito bite, which is more severe than the typical reaction. While most individuals experience minor irritation from mosquito bites, those with mosquito bite allergy can exhibit symptoms that are significantly more pronounced and potentially debilitating.

Causes

The allergic reaction is primarily caused by the body's immune response to the proteins found in the saliva of mosquitoes. When a mosquito bites, it injects saliva into the skin to prevent blood clotting, which allows it to feed more efficiently. In individuals with mosquito bite allergy, the immune system identifies these proteins as harmful, triggering an allergic reaction.

Symptoms

Symptoms of mosquito bite allergy can vary from mild to severe and may include:

• Large areas of swelling and redness
• Intense itching or burning
• Blisters or welts
• Low-grade fever
• Swollen lymph nodes

In rare cases, individuals may experience anaphylaxis, a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of mosquito bite allergy is primarily based on the patient's history and physical examination. Allergy testing may be conducted to confirm sensitivity to mosquito saliva proteins.

Treatment

Treatment for mosquito bite allergy focuses on relieving symptoms and may include:

• Application of ice packs to reduce swelling
• Topical antihistamines or corticosteroids to alleviate itching and inflammation
• Oral antihistamines for more severe reactions
• In cases of anaphylaxis, administration of epinephrine is necessary

Preventive measures, such as using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding areas with high mosquito activity, are recommended to minimize the risk of bites.

Prevention

Preventing mosquito bites is crucial for individuals with mosquito bite allergy. Strategies include:

• Using insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus
• Wearing long sleeves and pants when outdoors
• Installing screens on windows and doors
• Eliminating standing water around the home to reduce mosquito breeding sites

See Also

• Allergic Reaction
• Insect Bites and Stings
• Anaphylaxis