Mucin 2

Mucin 2 (MUC2) is a type of mucin, a family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins (glycoconjugates) produced by epithelial tissues. MUC2 is secreted in the gastrointestinal tract where it plays a significant role in forming a protective mucous barrier.

Structure

MUC2 is a large protein, with a core protein backbone of 5179 amino acids. The protein is characterized by its extensive O-glycosylation, with the majority of the protein's mass consisting of complex oligosaccharide side chains. These glycosylations contribute to the protein's resistance to proteolysis and its overall size and viscosity.

Function

MUC2 is the main component of the mucus that covers the epithelial cells of the intestines. It forms a gel-like layer that acts as a physical barrier, protecting the underlying cells from bacteria and other potentially harmful substances. MUC2 also has a role in immune response, as it can bind to and neutralize pathogens.

Clinical significance

Alterations in MUC2 expression or glycosylation have been associated with a number of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer, and certain types of respiratory disease. In IBD, MUC2 production is often increased, while in colorectal cancer, MUC2 expression is frequently decreased.

See also

• Mucin
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Colorectal cancer