Multiple chemical sensitivity

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), also known as idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI), is a disputed chronic condition characterized by symptoms that the affected person attributes to low-level exposures to commonly used chemicals. The symptoms are typically vague and non-specific. They can include fatigue, headaches, nausea, and dizziness.

Although the phenomenon is reported by patients and some health professionals, MCS is not recognized as an organic, chemical-caused illness by the World Health Organization, American Medical Association, or any other mainstream medical or scientific organization.

Symptoms and diagnosis

People with MCS report sensitivity to a variety of common chemicals including solvents, VOC's, perfumes, petrol, diesel, smoke, "chemicals" in general and often also to heat, light, EMFs and other types of radiation. Symptoms range from minor annoyances like a runny nose and watery eyes to more severe complications such as difficulty breathing, muscle pain, and seizures.

Diagnosis of MCS is difficult because the symptoms are subjective and there is no definitive diagnostic test. The condition is often diagnosed by exclusion, meaning that other possible causes of the symptoms are ruled out.

Causes and mechanisms

The cause of MCS is unknown. Some researchers believe that MCS is a physiological response to chemical exposure, while others believe that the condition is psychological. There is also debate about whether MCS is a single disorder or a symptom of another underlying condition.

Treatment and management

There is no known cure for MCS. Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and avoiding triggers. This can involve lifestyle changes such as avoiding certain products and environments, using air purifiers, and wearing protective clothing.

Controversies

MCS is a controversial diagnosis. Some health professionals and researchers question whether it is a distinct medical condition. Others argue that it is a manifestation of a psychological disorder such as somatoform disorder or a symptom of another medical condition.

See also

• Environmental illness
• Sick building syndrome
• Idiopathic environmental intolerance