Multiple gestation

Multiple gestation is a term used in Obstetrics to describe the condition where more than one fetus develops simultaneously in the uterus. This can occur naturally, as in the case of twins or triplets, or it can be the result of assisted reproductive techniques such as IVF.

Types of Multiple Gestation

There are several types of multiple gestation, including:

• Dizygotic twins: Also known as fraternal twins, these occur when two separate eggs are fertilized by two separate sperm. Each twin has its own placenta and amniotic sac.

• Monozygotic twins: Also known as identical twins, these occur when a single egg is fertilized by a single sperm and then splits into two embryos. These twins share a placenta and can either share an amniotic sac (monochorionic-monoamniotic twins) or have separate sacs (monochorionic-diamniotic twins).

• Higher order multiples: This term is used to describe triplets, quadruplets, quintuplets, etc. These can be a combination of monozygotic and dizygotic pregnancies.

Causes

Multiple gestation can occur naturally or as a result of fertility treatments. Factors that increase the likelihood of a multiple gestation include:

• Maternal age: Women over the age of 30 are more likely to conceive multiples.

• Family history: A family history of multiple gestation increases the likelihood.

• Fertility treatments: Treatments such as IVF and ovulation stimulation increase the likelihood of multiple gestation.

Complications

Multiple gestation can lead to complications for both the mother and the babies. These can include:

• Preterm labor and birth: This is the most common complication of multiple gestation.

• Gestational diabetes: Women carrying multiples are more likely to develop gestational diabetes.

• Preeclampsia: This condition, characterized by high blood pressure and damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys, is more common in women carrying multiples.

See Also

• Twin
• Triplet
• Quadruplet
• Quintuplet

Multiple gestation Resources
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