National Institute for Communicable Diseases

National Institute for Communicable Diseases
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Formation	2002
Type	Public health institute
Headquarters	Johannesburg, South Africa
Membership	N/A
Language	N/A
Leader title	N/A
Leader name	N/A
Website	www.nicd.ac.za

The National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) is a prominent public health institute in South Africa, dedicated to the surveillance, prevention, and control of communicable diseases. It operates under the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and plays a crucial role in the country's public health infrastructure.

History

The NICD was established in 2002, evolving from the former National Institute for Virology. Its creation was part of a broader effort to enhance the capacity of South Africa to respond to infectious disease threats, both endemic and emerging.

Functions

The NICD is responsible for a wide range of activities related to communicable diseases, including:

• Surveillance: Monitoring the incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases across South Africa.
• Research: Conducting research to understand the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of communicable diseases.
• Outbreak Response: Providing expertise and support in the investigation and management of disease outbreaks.
• Training and Capacity Building: Offering training programs for healthcare professionals and public health workers.
• Public Health Policy: Advising the government on policies and strategies for disease prevention and control.

Divisions

The NICD is organized into several specialized divisions, each focusing on different aspects of communicable diseases:

• Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis
• Centre for Enteric Diseases
• Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases
• Centre for HIV and STIs
• Centre for Tuberculosis
• Centre for Vaccines and Immunology

Notable Achievements

The NICD has been instrumental in managing several public health challenges in South Africa, including:

• The response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, providing critical data and research to inform national strategies.
• Surveillance and control of tuberculosis, particularly drug-resistant strains.
• Management of outbreaks such as cholera, measles, and more recently, COVID-19.

International Collaboration

The NICD collaborates with international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to enhance global health security and share expertise in communicable disease control.

Also see

• National Health Laboratory Service
• Communicable disease
• Public health
• Epidemiology