National Investigation Agency

National_Investigation_Agency_India_logo

NIA_Headquarters_in_New_Delhi

National Investigation Agency (NIA) is a central agency established by the Government of India to combat terrorism in India. It acts as the primary counter-terrorism law enforcement agency in the country. The agency is empowered to deal with terror-related crimes across states without special permission from the states.

History

The NIA was created after the 2008 Mumbai attacks as a need was felt for a central agency to investigate terrorism. The National Investigation Agency Act, 2008 was passed by the Parliament of India in December 2008, and the agency was officially constituted on 31 December 2008.

Jurisdiction

The NIA has jurisdiction over the entire country and can investigate and prosecute offenses under the Acts specified in the schedule of the NIA Act. These include offenses under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, Atomic Energy Act, Anti-Hijacking Act, and several others.

Functions

The primary function of the NIA is to investigate and prosecute offenses affecting the sovereignty, security, and integrity of India. This includes:

• Investigating and prosecuting offenses under the Acts specified in the schedule of the NIA Act.
• Coordinating with other central and state agencies to combat terrorism.
• Maintaining data on terrorism and sharing it with other agencies.
• Conducting research and development to improve investigative techniques.

Structure

The NIA is headed by a Director-General, who is an officer of the Indian Police Service. The agency is divided into various branches and units, each specializing in different aspects of counter-terrorism.

Notable Cases

The NIA has been involved in several high-profile cases, including:

• The 2008 Mumbai attacks.
• The Samjhauta Express bombings.
• The Pathankot attack.
• The Pulwama attack.

Criticism and Controversies

The NIA has faced criticism and controversies over its handling of certain cases. Critics have accused the agency of being influenced by political considerations and not being impartial in its investigations.

Related Pages

• Central Bureau of Investigation
• Intelligence Bureau (India)
• Research and Analysis Wing
• National Security Guard
• Ministry of Home Affairs (India)

See Also

• Terrorism in India
• Law enforcement in India
• Counter-terrorism