Nelivaptan

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Nelivaptan

Nelivaptan is a pharmacological agent that belongs to the class of vasopressin receptor antagonists. It is primarily used in the treatment of hyponatremia, a condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood.

Mechanism of Action

Nelivaptan works by blocking the action of vasopressin, a hormone that regulates the body's water balance. By inhibiting the vasopressin receptors in the kidneys, Nelivaptan increases the excretion of water, thereby increasing the concentration of sodium in the blood.

Clinical Uses

The primary use of Nelivaptan is in the treatment of hyponatremia, particularly in cases where the condition is caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). SIADH is a condition where the body produces too much antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and low sodium levels. By blocking the action of vasopressin, Nelivaptan helps to correct the imbalance of water and sodium in the body.

Side Effects

Like all medications, Nelivaptan can cause side effects. The most common side effects include dry mouth, increased thirst, and increased urination. In rare cases, Nelivaptan can cause serious side effects such as liver damage and rapid correction of sodium levels, which can lead to a potentially life-threatening condition known as osmotic demyelination syndrome.

Contraindications

Nelivaptan should not be used in patients with severe liver disease, as it can worsen the condition. It is also contraindicated in patients with uncorrected hypovolemia, a condition characterized by low blood volume.

See Also

• Vasopressin receptor antagonists
• Hyponatremia
• Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone