Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a condition in which the body makes too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This hormone helps the kidneys control the amount of water your body loses through the urine. With SIADH, the body retains too much water.

Causes

SIADH often occurs due to conditions that affect the brain or lungs, such as infections, stroke, trauma, or cancer. Certain medications can also cause SIADH, including some types of antidepressants, chemotherapy drugs, and painkillers.

Symptoms

Symptoms of SIADH can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, coma.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of SIADH typically involves a series of blood tests and urine tests to measure levels of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes. A medical history and physical examination are also important parts of the diagnostic process.

Treatment

Treatment for SIADH aims to address the underlying cause of the condition, if possible. This may involve changing medications, treating infections, or managing other underlying conditions. In some cases, treatment may also involve restricting fluid intake or taking medications to balance electrolyte levels.

Prognosis

The prognosis for SIADH depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In many cases, with appropriate treatment, individuals can manage their symptoms and live a normal life.

See also

• Hyponatremia
• Diabetes insipidus
• Pituitary gland