Neolithic Age

Neolithic Age

The Neolithic Age, also known as the New Stone Age, was a period in human history marked by the advent of agriculture and the development of settled communities. It followed the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age and was succeeded by the Bronze Age. The Neolithic Age is significant for its impact on human society, as the changes in lifestyle during this period laid the foundation for the development of modern civilization.

Overview

The Neolithic Age began around 10,000 BCE, in the Middle East, and ended with the advent of the Bronze Age, around 3,000 BCE in Western Europe. The exact dates vary depending on the region. The term "Neolithic" comes from the Greek words "neos," meaning new, and "lithos," meaning stone. It was coined to reflect the refined stone tools and artifacts produced during this period.

Agriculture and Settlement

The most significant development of the Neolithic Age was the shift from a nomadic, hunting-gathering lifestyle to settled farming communities. This shift is often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution. The cultivation of crops such as wheat, barley, and legumes, and the domestication of animals, allowed humans to settle in one place and form communities. This led to the development of new social structures and the beginnings of civilization.

Technology and Art

The Neolithic Age saw significant advancements in technology and art. The development of pottery, for example, allowed for the storage and transport of food and other goods. The construction of permanent structures, such as houses and granaries, marked a significant shift in human lifestyle. In art, the Neolithic Age is known for its pottery, figurines, and megalithic architecture, such as Stonehenge.

End of the Neolithic Age

The end of the Neolithic Age is marked by the advent of the Bronze Age, which began around 3,000 BCE in Western Europe. The Bronze Age is characterized by the development of metalworking skills, particularly the ability to smelt and work with bronze.

See Also

• Paleolithic Age
• Bronze Age
• Neolithic Revolution
• Stonehenge