Nerves of the upper limb

Nerves of the Upper Limb are a complex network of nerves that originate from the brachial plexus and provide motor and sensory innervation to the structures of the upper limb. These nerves include the axillary nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, and ulnar nerve.

Anatomy

The nerves of the upper limb originate from the brachial plexus, which is formed by the ventral rami of the C5-T1 spinal nerves. The brachial plexus gives rise to the five major nerves of the upper limb.

Axillary Nerve

The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles and provides sensory innervation to the skin overlying the deltoid.

Musculocutaneous Nerve

The musculocutaneous nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm and provides sensory innervation to the lateral forearm.

Radial Nerve

The radial nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartments of the arm and forearm and provides sensory innervation to the posterior arm, forearm, and hand.

Median Nerve

The median nerve innervates most of the muscles of the anterior forearm and some muscles of the hand. It provides sensory innervation to the lateral three and a half digits and the corresponding palm area.

Ulnar Nerve

The ulnar nerve innervates some muscles of the forearm and hand. It provides sensory innervation to the medial one and a half digits and the corresponding palm area.

Clinical Significance

Injury to the nerves of the upper limb can result in significant functional impairment. Conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, and Saturday night palsy are all related to nerve injury in the upper limb.

See Also

• Brachial plexus
• Peripheral nervous system
• Nerve injury