Neuroendocrine

Neuroendocrine refers to the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system, and the cells that produce a type of hormone within the nervous system. The neuroendocrine system is the mechanism by which the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis, regulating reproduction, metabolism, eating and drinking behavior, energy utilization, osmolarity, and blood pressure.

Overview

The neuroendocrine system is made up of neuroendocrine cells, which are neurons that can produce and secrete hormones. These cells are scattered throughout the body and are found in organs such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pancreas. Neuroendocrine cells also exist in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus, where they play a crucial role in the regulation of bodily functions.

Function

Neuroendocrine cells produce neurohormones that can be released into the bloodstream to act on target cells elsewhere in the body. These cells have the unique ability to translate neural signals into endocrine responses, allowing for communication between the nervous and endocrine systems. This communication is essential for maintaining homeostasis and responding to changes in the internal and external environment.

Disorders

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a diverse group of malignancies that arise from neuroendocrine cells throughout the body. They can occur in many different organs and can lead to a variety of symptoms depending on their location and the type of hormones they produce. Treatment options for NETs include surgery, radiation therapy, and medication.

See also

• Neuroendocrinology
• Endocrine system
• Nervous system
• Neurohormones
• Neuroendocrine tumors

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