Neurotic

Neurotic refers to a class of functional mental disorders involving distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations, whereby behavior is not outside socially acceptable norms. It is also known as neurosis. Neurotic tendencies are common and may manifest themselves as acute or chronic anxiety, depression, an obsessive–compulsive disorder, a phobia, or a personality disorder.

History

The term "neurotic" is rooted in the 19th century scientific paradigm, which postulated that all diseases were caused by nervous system dysfunction. The term was coined by William Cullen in 1769 to refer to "disorders of sense and motion" caused by a "general affection of the nervous system." For many decades, the concept of neurosis was a mainstay of psychiatric diagnosis.

Characteristics

Neuroticism is a fundamental personality trait in the study of psychology. It is an enduring tendency to experience negative emotional states. Individuals who score high on neuroticism are more likely than the average to experience such feelings as anxiety, anger, envy, guilt, and depressed mood. They respond more poorly to stressors, are more likely to interpret ordinary situations as threatening, and minor frustrations as hopelessly difficult.

Treatment

Treatment for neurotic disorders often involves various types of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps individuals to identify negative thought patterns and behaviors and replace them with healthier ones. Medication may also be used in conjunction with therapy.

See also

• Anxiety disorder
• Depression (mood)
• Obsessive–compulsive disorder
• Phobia
• Personality disorder