Neurula
Neurulation refers to the process in embryonic development where the neural tube is formed. This process is a pivotal stage in the development of the central nervous system.
Overview[edit | edit source]
Neurulation begins after gastrulation, and results in the formation of the neural tube. The process can be divided into two parts: primary neurulation and secondary neurulation. Primary neurulation forms the brain and spinal cord, while secondary neurulation forms the lower part of the spinal cord.
Primary Neurulation[edit | edit source]
In primary neurulation, the cells surrounding the neural plate direct the neural plate cells to proliferate, invaginate, and eventually pinch off from the surface to form a hollow tube. This process can be further divided into four stages:
- Formation of the neural plate
- Shaping of the neural plate
- Bending of the neural plate
- Closure of the neural tube
Secondary Neurulation[edit | edit source]
Secondary neurulation occurs in the lower sacral and coccygeal areas. The neural tube is formed by the aggregation of cells, rather than the invagination of an epithelial sheet.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Defects in neurulation can lead to neural tube defects, a type of birth defect that affects the brain and spine. These defects are among the most common birth defects and can lead to a range of disabilities, from mild to severe.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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