New moon

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Eclipse vs new or full moons, annotated

New Moon refers to the initial phase in the lunar cycle, occurring when the Moon is positioned between the Earth and the Sun, making it nearly invisible from the Earth due to the side that faces the Earth being in shadow. This astronomical event marks the start of a new lunar month in many calendar systems.

Overview

During the new moon phase, the Moon is too close to the sun's glare to be visible with the naked eye. This phase is significant in various cultural, religious, and agricultural contexts. The exact moment when the Moon is completely obscured is known as the syzygy of the Sun-Earth-Moon system. Following the new moon phase, the Moon's visibility gradually increases, moving into the waxing crescent phase, signaling a time of new beginnings and growth.

Cultural and Religious Significance

Many cultures and religions attach special importance to the new moon. For example, in Islam, the sighting of the new moon marks the beginning of each month in the Islamic calendar, with the Ramadan month starting with the sighting of the new moon. In Judaism, the new moon is observed as Rosh Chodesh, a day of rest and renewal. Similarly, in Hinduism, Amavasya – the day of new moon – holds various spiritual significances and is considered a time for paying homage to ancestors.

Astronomical Observations and Studies

Astronomers study the new moon phase to understand the dynamics of the Earth-Moon-Sun system, including the synchronization of the Moon's orbit and Earth's rotation. This phase is also crucial for solar eclipse observations, as a solar eclipse can only occur during a new moon when the Moon passes directly between the Earth and the Sun.

Impact on Tides

The new moon, together with the full moon, plays a significant role in the generation of tides. During these phases, the Sun and Moon are aligned, which results in higher than average tidal ranges known as spring tides.

In Popular Culture

The new moon has been a source of inspiration in literature, music, and film. It symbolizes new beginnings, mystery, and the unseen forces of nature. The term "new moon" has been used in titles of books and movies, most notably in the Twilight series by Stephenie Meyer.

See Also

• Lunar phase
• Full Moon
• Waxing Crescent
• Lunar calendar
• Solar eclipse