Nicotiana tabacum

Nicotiana tabacum, also known as tobacco, is a perennial plant in the Solanaceae family that is widely cultivated for its leaves. The species is indigenous to tropical America and is one of the most economically significant crops worldwide.

Taxonomy

The genus Nicotiana consists of about 67 species, including Nicotiana tabacum. The name Nicotiana was given in honor of Jean Nicot, a French ambassador to Portugal, who is credited with introducing tobacco to France in 1560.

Description

Nicotiana tabacum is a robust annual herb that grows up to 2.5 meters tall. Its leaves are simple, alternate, and can reach up to 60 cm in length. The flowers are tubular, fragrant, and are typically pink. The plant's seeds are very small and are contained within a capsule.

Cultivation and uses

Nicotiana tabacum is cultivated in many countries for the production of tobacco. The leaves of the plant are harvested, cured, and processed for the manufacture of cigarettes, cigars, snuff, and pipe tobacco. The plant is also used in some cultures for medicinal and ceremonial purposes.

Health effects

Tobacco use is associated with a range of health risks. It is a leading cause of lung cancer, heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It also contributes to a number of other health problems, including periodontal disease, infertility, and premature aging.

See also

• Nicotiana
• Tobacco smoking
• Health effects of tobacco