Nitrovasodilators

Nitrovasodilators are a group of pharmaceutical drugs used to treat and prevent various heart conditions. They work by widening (dilating) the blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily. This reduces the strain on the heart and helps to relieve symptoms such as chest pain (angina).

Mechanism of Action

Nitrovasodilators work by releasing nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator. The NO activates an enzyme called guanylate cyclase in the smooth muscle and other tissues, which increases the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This in turn activates a cGMP-dependent protein kinase that causes the smooth muscle to relax.

Uses

Nitrovasodilators are used to treat a variety of heart conditions, including angina, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. They can also be used to control blood pressure during surgical procedures.

Side Effects

Common side effects of nitrovasodilators include headache, dizziness, and flushing. In rare cases, they can cause severe hypotension (low blood pressure), which can lead to shock.

Examples

Examples of nitrovasodilators include nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate.

See Also

• Vasodilation
• Nitric oxide
• Angina
• Heart failure
• Myocardial infarction

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