Normal saline

Normal saline (also known as saline solution, NaCl solution, or saline) is a solution in water of salt (sodium chloride) often used in medicine.

Composition

Normal saline contains 0.9% (w/v) sodium chloride, or 9 grams of sodium chloride dissolved in 1 liter of water. The osmolarity is 308 mOsm/L and the osmolality is 285 mOsm/kg.

Uses

Normal saline is used in medicine for intravenous therapy, to rehydrate patients, and to deliver medication. It is also used in laboratory tests.

Side effects

Possible side effects include redness, swelling, or infection at the injection site. More serious side effects may include fluid overload, electrolyte imbalance, or acidosis.

See also

• Ringer's lactate solution
• Hartmann's solution
• Hypertonic saline
• Isotonic

References

Normal saline Resources
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