Norman Gregg

Norman Gregg

Norman McAlister Gregg (16 March 1892 – 27 July 1966) was an Australian ophthalmologist best known for his discovery of the link between rubella (German measles) and congenital abnormalities. This groundbreaking work significantly advanced the field of pediatric ophthalmology and had a profound impact on public health policies regarding rubella vaccination.

Early Life and Education

Norman Gregg was born in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. He attended Sydney Grammar School and later studied medicine at the University of Sydney, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) in 1915.

Career

After completing his medical degree, Gregg served as a medical officer in the Australian Army Medical Corps during World War I. Following the war, he returned to Australia and specialized in ophthalmology. He became a prominent figure in the field, working at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and later at the Sydney Eye Hospital.

Discovery of Rubella's Effects

In 1941, Gregg observed a pattern of congenital abnormalities in infants whose mothers had contracted rubella during pregnancy. These abnormalities included cataracts, deafness, and heart defects. His observations led to the publication of a seminal paper in 1941, which established the connection between maternal rubella infection and congenital defects, now known as Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS).

Impact and Legacy

Gregg's discovery had a significant impact on public health, leading to the development and widespread use of the rubella vaccine. His work has saved countless lives and prevented numerous cases of congenital disabilities. In recognition of his contributions, Gregg received several honors, including being appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1953.

Personal Life

Norman Gregg was married to Gwendoline McAuley, and they had three children. He passed away on 27 July 1966 in Sydney.

See Also

• Ophthalmology
• Congenital Rubella Syndrome
• Rubella vaccine
• Public health