Nyjer

Nyjer (also known as Niger seed or Thistle seed) is a small, oil-rich seed that originates from Africa, specifically Ethiopia and Malawi. It is a popular bird feed due to its high oil content and nutritional value.

Origin and Production

Nyjer is primarily grown in Ethiopia and Malawi, but it is also cultivated in other parts of Africa, India, Myanmar, and Nepal. The plant, Guizotia abyssinica, is an annual herb that grows up to 2 meters tall. The seeds are small, thin, and black, resembling sunflower seeds in shape but much smaller in size.

Use in Bird Feed

Nyjer is a favorite among many species of birds, including finches, siskins, and redpolls. It is often used in bird feeders, particularly in the winter months when natural food sources are scarce. The high oil content of the seeds provides a valuable source of energy for birds.

Nutritional Value

Nyjer seeds are rich in oil, particularly unsaturated fats, and are also a good source of protein. They contain essential amino acids, antioxidants, and are high in fiber. The seeds also contain calcium, magnesium, and other minerals.

Cultivation and Harvesting

Nyjer plants are typically sown in the late spring and harvested in the fall. The plants prefer well-drained soil and full sun. The seeds are harvested by cutting the flower heads off the plants and allowing them to dry. Once dry, the seeds can be easily shaken out of the flower heads.

Commercial Production

Commercial production of Nyjer involves cleaning and sterilization of the seeds to prevent the spread of non-native plants. In the United States, all imported Nyjer seed must be heat-treated to kill any foreign plant material.

See Also

• Bird food
• Guizotia abyssinica
• Finch
• Siskin
• Redpoll