OR1A2

OR1A2 is a gene that encodes the olfactory receptor 1A2 protein in humans. The olfactory receptor family is the largest in the genome, with members located on almost all human chromosomes.

Function

The olfactory system is a sensory system used for the sense of smell (olfaction). Olfactory receptors, such as OR1A2, are proteins that bind odor molecules resulting in a neuronal response which allows the perception of smell. These receptors are expressed in the cilia of the olfactory sensory neurons.

Gene

The OR1A2 gene is located on chromosome 11, specifically at 11p15.4. It spans approximately 1 kilobase and consists of a single coding exon. The OR1A2 gene is a member of the olfactory receptor family, and is part of the 1A subfamily.

Protein Structure

The OR1A2 protein is a member of the class A rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors. It is composed of 312 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 35 kDa. The protein has seven transmembrane domains, a characteristic feature of G protein-coupled receptors.

Clinical Significance

Variations in the OR1A2 gene have been associated with differences in the sense of smell. Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this gene have been linked to a heightened sensitivity to certain odors.

See Also

• Olfactory receptor
• Olfaction
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Single nucleotide polymorphism