OR4P4

OR4P4 is a gene that encodes the olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily P, member 4. It is part of the olfactory receptor family of genes which are the largest gene family in the genome. The olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell.

Function

The olfactory system is a sensory system used for smelling (olfaction). Most mammals have a good sense of smell, and it is the primary way that most mammals communicate. The olfactory receptor (OR) genes constitute the largest gene family in mammals. They are G-protein coupled receptors that detect odorants.

The OR4P4 gene is one of these olfactory receptor genes and is thought to have a role in the perception of smell. However, the specific function of the OR4P4 gene is still not fully understood and is the subject of ongoing research.

Structure

Like all olfactory receptors, the OR4P4 receptor is a protein that spans the cell membrane. It is located in the olfactory epithelium, a specialized tissue inside the nose that is involved in smell. The receptor is thought to have seven transmembrane domains, a common structure for G-protein coupled receptors.

Clinical significance

While the exact role of OR4P4 in disease is not yet known, olfactory receptors in general have been linked to various diseases. For example, changes in the sense of smell can be an early sign of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

See also

• Olfactory receptor
• Olfactory system
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Neurodegenerative diseases