OR4X2

OR4X2 is a gene that encodes a protein in humans. It is also known as olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily X, member 2. The OR4X2 gene is part of the olfactory receptor gene family, which is the largest gene family in the genome. The family members are G-protein coupled receptors that respond to smell and taste stimuli and are divided into a large number of subfamilies.

Function

The OR4X2 gene is a member of the olfactory receptor family of genes. Olfactory receptors (ORs) are responsible for the detection of odor molecules. Activated ORs initiate a neural response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes.

Expression

The OR4X2 gene is predominantly expressed in the olfactory epithelium, the specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell. In humans, the olfactory epithelium is located in the superior part of the nasal cavity and covers approximately 10 cm2 on each side of the nasal septum.

Clinical Significance

While the specific clinical significance of OR4X2 is not yet fully understood, olfactory receptors in general play a crucial role in the sense of smell. Disruptions in the function of these receptors can lead to a loss of smell, a condition known as anosmia. Further research is needed to determine the specific role of OR4X2 in human health and disease.

See Also

• Olfactory receptor
• Anosmia
• G protein-coupled receptor