Posterior fontanelle

Posterior Fontanelle

The Posterior Fontanelle is a significant anatomical feature in the human skull, particularly noticeable in newborns and infants. It is one of the two fontanelles that can be readily felt at birth, the other being the anterior fontanelle.

Etymology

The term "fontanelle" is derived from the Latin word "fonticulus," which means "little fountain." This name was given due to the pulsating nature of the fontanelles, which is caused by the underlying circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

Anatomy

The posterior fontanelle is a diamond-shaped depression located at the junction of the sagittal suture and lambdoid suture. It is smaller than the anterior fontanelle, measuring approximately 1 cm in diameter. The posterior fontanelle is covered by a tough membrane that protects the underlying soft tissues and brain.

Development

The posterior fontanelle typically closes within the first 2-3 months of life, much earlier than the anterior fontanelle, which can remain open until around 18-24 months of age. The exact timing of closure can vary and is influenced by several factors, including genetics and overall health status.

Clinical Significance

The posterior fontanelle, like the anterior fontanelle, can provide valuable information about a child's health. For example, a sunken fontanelle may indicate dehydration, while a bulging fontanelle can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure. However, because the posterior fontanelle closes so early in life, it is less commonly used in clinical practice than the anterior fontanelle.

Related Terms

• Anterior fontanelle
• Sagittal suture
• Lambdoid suture

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