Oliver Twist

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Oliver Twist, also known as The Parish Boy's Progress, is a novel by Charles Dickens first published in 1837. The story is of the orphan Oliver Twist, who is born in a workhouse and sold into apprenticeship with an undertaker. After escaping, Twist travels to London, where he meets the "Artful Dodger", a member of a gang of juvenile pickpockets led by the elderly criminal, Fagin.

Plot

The novel follows Oliver Twist, an orphan born in a workhouse. His mother dies shortly after his birth, and he is brought up under the cruel regime of the workhouse. At nine years old, after suffering from hunger and the harsh treatment of the workhouse officials, Oliver runs away to London in the hope of finding a better life.

In London, Oliver unwittingly becomes involved with a gang of young thieves led by Fagin. Despite his innocence, Oliver is drawn into a criminal underworld. The novel depicts his encounters with characters such as the Artful Dodger, the kind-hearted prostitute Nancy, and the menacing Bill Sikes. Oliver's purity and virtue are contrasted with the depravity and corruption of the world around him.

Themes

Oliver Twist addresses several important social themes, including the evils of child labor, the treatment of the poor in workhouses, and the pervasiveness of criminality in the urban underclass of Victorian London. Dickens uses Oliver's story to critique the social injustices of his time, particularly the inhumane conditions faced by the poor and vulnerable in society.

Characters

• Oliver Twist - The novel's protagonist, an innocent and kind-hearted orphan.
• Fagin - A cunning old criminal who leads a gang of child thieves.
• Bill Sikes - A violent criminal associated with Fagin's gang.
• Nancy - A young prostitute and member of Fagin's gang, who shows kindness to Oliver.
• The Artful Dodger - A skilled pickpocket and one of Fagin's most trusted associates.

Reception

Upon its release, Oliver Twist was met with a mix of acclaim and criticism. Dickens's portrayal of the criminal underworld and his unflinching depiction of the conditions in workhouses sparked controversy. However, the novel was popular among readers and played a role in bringing about social reforms.

Adaptations

Oliver Twist has been adapted into numerous forms, including stage plays, films, and television series. The story's compelling characters and dramatic narrative have made it a favorite subject for adaptation, highlighting its enduring appeal.

Legacy

Oliver Twist remains one of Charles Dickens's most famous and influential works. It is celebrated for its rich storytelling, memorable characters, and its exploration of social issues. The novel continues to be widely read and studied, reflecting its status as a classic of English literature.