Omphalitis

Omphalitis is an infection of the umbilical cord stump in the neonatal period. The condition is commonly seen in the first week of life and can lead to severe systemic infection and mortality if not treated promptly.

Etiology

The most common organisms causing omphalitis are Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and group A Streptococcus. Other organisms that can cause omphalitis include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, and Candida species.

Clinical Presentation

The initial sign of omphalitis is usually redness and swelling of the umbilical area, which may then progress to purulent discharge. If the infection spreads, it can lead to peritonitis, sepsis, or necrotizing fasciitis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of omphalitis is primarily clinical, based on the presence of signs and symptoms. Laboratory tests, such as blood cultures, may be used to identify the causative organism.

Treatment

Treatment of omphalitis typically involves antibiotics, either given orally or intravenously. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Prevention

Prevention of omphalitis involves proper care of the umbilical cord stump, including keeping the area clean and dry.

See Also

• Neonatal sepsis
• Necrotizing fasciitis
• Peritonitis

Omphalitis Resources
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