Vitelline duct

Vitelline Duct

The Vitelline Duct, also known as the omphalomesenteric duct, is a structure present during the embryonic development of both humans and other animals. The duct connects the yolk sac to the midgut lumen, allowing nutrient uptake.

Etymology

The term "vitelline" is derived from the Latin word "vitellus" which means yolk. The term "omphalomesenteric" is derived from "omphalo-" meaning navel, and "mesenteric" referring to the mesentery, the part of the peritoneum that attaches the intestines to the posterior wall of the abdomen.

Development

During the third week of embryonic development, the yolk sac forms the vitelline duct. This duct connects the midgut to the yolk sac, providing a pathway for nutrient uptake. By the seventh week, the duct typically obliterates and disappears, leaving only a fibrous remnant known as the vitelline ligament.

Clinical Significance

In some cases, the vitelline duct fails to close during development, leading to a variety of potential anomalies such as Meckel's diverticulum, a vitelline cyst, or a vitelline fistula. These conditions can lead to complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding or intestinal obstruction.

Related Terms

• Yolk Sac
• Midgut
• Meckel's Diverticulum
• Vitelline Cyst
• Vitelline Fistula

See Also

• Embryonic Development
• Gastrointestinal Tract

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