Op art

Op art, also known as optical art, is a style of visual art that uses optical illusions. Op art works are abstract, with many better-known pieces created in black and white. Typically, they give the viewer the impression of movement, hidden images, flashing and vibrating patterns, or of swelling or warping.

History

Op art is rooted in the constructivist practices of the Bauhaus and the De Stijl movements. The term "Op art" was coined in 1964 by Time magazine in response to the growing interest in the style. However, the movement itself began in the 1950s with artists such as Victor Vasarely and Bridget Riley.

Techniques

Op art relies on the use of geometric shapes and patterns to create visual effects. These effects can include:

• Moiré patterns: Overlapping patterns that create a sense of movement.
• Figure-ground relationship: The use of contrasting colors and shapes to create a sense of depth and movement.
• Ambiguous figures: Shapes that can be interpreted in multiple ways, creating a sense of visual tension.

Notable Artists

Some of the most notable artists associated with Op art include:

• Victor Vasarely: Often considered the father of Op art, Vasarely's work is characterized by its use of geometric shapes and vibrant colors.
• Bridget Riley: Known for her black-and-white works that create a sense of movement and optical illusions.
• Yaacov Agam: An Israeli artist known for his kinetic and optical art.

Influence and Legacy

Op art has had a significant influence on various fields, including graphic design, fashion, and architecture. The movement's emphasis on visual perception and optical effects has also influenced the development of computer graphics and digital art.

See Also

• Kinetic art
• Abstract art
• Geometric abstraction
• Minimalism
• Hard-edge painting