Opportunistic

Opportunistic Infections

An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens, particularly bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available. These opportunities can occur in hosts with a weakened immune system, an altered microbiota (such as a disrupted gut flora), or breached integumentary barriers.

Causes

Opportunistic infections can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These pathogens are usually kept in check by the immune system. However, when the immune system is weakened or compromised, these microorganisms can cause infection.

Risk Factors

People with weakened immune systems are at the greatest risk for opportunistic infections. This includes people with HIV/AIDS, cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, organ transplant recipients taking immunosuppressive drugs, and people with other immune system disorders.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of opportunistic infections primarily involves maintaining a healthy immune system. This can be achieved through a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and avoiding exposure to infectious agents. Treatment of opportunistic infections typically involves the use of antimicrobial drugs, which may vary depending on the specific pathogen causing the infection.

See Also

• Immunodeficiency
• Infection
• Pathogen

References

Opportunistic Resources
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