Order of Australia

Order of Australia

Order of Australia is the principal and most prestigious means of recognising outstanding members of the community at a national level and is the first in the Australian honours system. Established on 14 February 1975 by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia, the Order of Australia was created to recognise Australian citizens and other persons for achievement or meritorious service. Before the establishment of the Order, Australian citizens received British honours.

History

The establishment of the Order of Australia came after the decision to create a distinctly Australian honours system, which could recognise the contributions of Australians from all walks of life. The recommendation for an Australian honours system was made in 1974 by the Australian Government, and the Order was subsequently established by Queen Elizabeth II in 1975 through Letters Patent.

Structure

The Order of Australia is divided into four levels:

• Companion of the Order of Australia (AC)
• Officer of the Order of Australia (AO)
• Member of the Order of Australia (AM)
• Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM)

Additionally, there is a military division of the Order which recognises service of members of the Australian Defence Force. These awards are designated by adding "(Military)" after the award level.

Nomination and Selection Process

Individuals are nominated for awards by the public, and the nominations are reviewed by the Council of the Order of Australia, which makes recommendations to the Governor-General of Australia. The Governor-General, as the Chancellor of the Order, is responsible for making the appointments.

Notable Recipients

Over the years, recipients of the Order of Australia have included a wide range of individuals from various fields such as the arts, science, education, and public service. Notable recipients include scientists like Sir Gustav Nossal AC, who was recognised for his contributions to medical research, and public figures such as Ita Buttrose AC, OBE, acknowledged for her leadership in media and community health.

Controversies

The Order of Australia has not been without its controversies, particularly regarding the revocation of honours. The most notable case involved Alan Bond, a businessman whose Companion of the Order was revoked following his conviction for fraud.

Significance

The Order of Australia represents the highest form of recognition that can be awarded by the Australian Government to its citizens. It plays a crucial role in acknowledging the outstanding contributions and achievements of individuals to the nation and its community.