Organelle
Organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function. The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive. Organelles are either separately enclosed within their own lipid bilayers (also called membrane-bound organelles) or are spatially distinct functional units without a surrounding lipid bilayer (non-membrane bound organelles).
Structure and Function[edit | edit source]
Organelles are identified by microscopy, and can also be purified by cell fractionation. There are many types of organelles, particularly in eukaryotic cells. Among the more important are:
- the nucleus
- the mitochondria
- the chloroplasts
- the endoplasmic reticulum
- the Golgi apparatus
- the lysosomes
- the peroxisomes
- the centrosomes
- the vacuoles
History[edit | edit source]
The concept of organelles has been around since at least the mid-1800s, but the term "organelle" did not become common until the 1960s. The idea that certain properties of cells could be removed and then studied separately was a breakthrough in research.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Bonnu, Prab R. Tumpati, MD