Ornidazole

Chemical structure of Ornidazole

Ornidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative used as an antimicrobial agent. It is primarily used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. Ornidazole is effective against a variety of infections, including those of the gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract, and skin.

Mechanism of Action

Ornidazole works by entering the microbial cell and undergoing reduction by intracellular transport proteins. This reduction process generates reactive nitro radicals that damage the DNA of the microorganism, leading to cell death. The drug is particularly effective against anaerobic organisms because these organisms have the necessary enzymes to reduce the nitro group of ornidazole.

Pharmacokinetics

Ornidazole is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 3 hours. It is widely distributed in body tissues and fluids, including the central nervous system. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily in the urine.

Clinical Uses

Ornidazole is used to treat a variety of infections, including:

• Amoebiasis
• Giardiasis
• Trichomoniasis
• Bacterial vaginosis
• Anaerobic bacterial infections

Side Effects

Common side effects of ornidazole include nausea, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. In some cases, patients may experience allergic reactions, seizures, or peripheral neuropathy.

Contraindications

Ornidazole is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to nitroimidazole derivatives. It should be used with caution in patients with liver disease or neurological disorders.

Related Pages

• Metronidazole
• Tinidazole
• Nitroimidazole
• Antimicrobial