Orthohepevirus A

Orthohepevirus A is a species of virus in the genus Orthohepevirus within the family Hepeviridae. It is a significant cause of hepatitis in humans and is known to infect a variety of mammalian species.

Taxonomy

Orthohepevirus A is one of four species in the genus Orthohepevirus. The other three species are Orthohepevirus B, Orthohepevirus C, and Orthohepevirus D. Each species is distinguished by its host range and genetic characteristics.

Structure and Genome

Like all viruses in the family Hepeviridae, Orthohepevirus A is a non-enveloped virus with a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome. The genome is approximately 7.2 kilobases in length and contains three open reading frames (ORFs).

Transmission and Disease

Orthohepevirus A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often through contaminated water or food. It can cause acute and chronic hepatitis in humans, known as Hepatitis E. The disease is usually self-limiting, but can be severe or fatal in certain populations, such as pregnant women and individuals with pre-existing liver disease.

Prevention and Control

Prevention of Orthohepevirus A infection primarily involves good sanitation and food safety practices. Vaccines are also available in some countries.

See Also

• Hepatitis E
• Hepeviridae
• Orthohepevirus