Orthopoxvirus

Orthopoxvirus is a genus of viruses in the family Poxviridae and subfamily Chordopoxvirinae. The viruses in this genus are known to infect humans and other mammals. The most well-known member of this genus is Variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox.

Taxonomy

Orthopoxvirus is a genus that belongs to the family Poxviridae and subfamily Chordopoxvirinae. The genus includes the following species:

• Cowpox virus
• Ectromelia virus
• Monkeypox virus
• Raccoonpox virus
• Vaccinia virus
• Variola virus

Structure

Orthopoxviruses are large, complex viruses with a linear, double-stranded DNA genome. The virions are brick-shaped or ovoid, and have a complex structure.

Life Cycle

Orthopoxviruses are known to infect a wide range of hosts. The life cycle of orthopoxviruses involves several stages, including attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.

Pathogenesis

Orthopoxviruses cause a variety of diseases in humans and other mammals. The most well-known disease caused by an orthopoxvirus is smallpox, which is caused by the Variola virus.

Prevention and Treatment

Vaccination with the Vaccinia virus is the most effective way to prevent infection with orthopoxviruses. Treatment of orthopoxvirus infections is primarily supportive, as there are currently no specific antiviral drugs available.

See Also

• Poxviridae
• Chordopoxvirinae
• Smallpox
• Vaccinia

Orthopoxvirus Resources
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