Oxygen radical

Oxygen radical refers to oxygen atoms that have unpaired electrons, which makes them highly reactive. They are a type of free radical, and are involved in many biological processes, including cellular respiration, immune response, and aging.

Overview

Oxygen radicals, also known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), are produced in cells as a byproduct of normal metabolism. They play important roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. However, during times of environmental stress, ROS levels can increase dramatically, which can result in significant damage to cell structures. This phenomenon is known as oxidative stress.

Types of Oxygen Radicals

There are several types of oxygen radicals, including:

• Superoxide (O2−)
• Hydroxyl radical (OH•)
• Peroxyl radical (RO2•)
• Alkoxyl radical (RO•)

Biological Role

Oxygen radicals are involved in various biological processes. They are produced in the mitochondria during cellular respiration, and are used by the immune system to destroy invading pathogens. They also play a role in cell signaling, and are involved in the aging process.

Health Implications

While oxygen radicals are necessary for many biological processes, excessive levels can lead to oxidative stress, which can damage cells and contribute to aging and diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease.

See Also

• Antioxidant
• Reactive oxygen species
• Oxidative stress
• Free radical theory of aging

Oxygen radical Resources
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