PIC line

PICC line (Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter) is a form of intravenous access that can be used for a prolonged period of time (e.g., for long chemotherapy regimens, extended antibiotic therapy, or total parenteral nutrition).

Overview

A PICC is inserted in a peripheral vein such as the cephalic vein, basilic vein, or brachial vein in the arm, and then advanced through increasingly larger veins, toward the heart until the tip rests in the superior vena cava or the right atrium. This position allows immediate access to the central venous circulation, providing more rapid dilution of medications and decreasing the risk of complications.

Procedure

The procedure to insert a PICC line is typically performed under local anesthesia. The vein is punctured with a needle, and a small wire is threaded into the vein. The PICC line is then inserted over the wire and advanced into the central vein. The wire is then removed, and the PICC line is left in place. The outside end of the PICC line can be attached to a syringe, an infusion pump, or a capped port for intermittent use.

Uses

PICC lines are used when intravenous medications are to be given over a long period or when the substances to be administered could irritate the wall of a peripheral vein. PICC lines can also be used for blood draws, eliminating the need for repeated needle sticks.

Risks

While PICC lines can be beneficial for long-term treatment, they are not without risks. Potential complications include infection, thrombosis, and mechanical problems such as occlusion of the line or migration of the catheter.

See also

• Central venous catheter
• Port (medical)
• Intravenous therapy