PTPRA

Protein PTPRA PDB 1p15

PTPRA

PTPRA is a gene that encodes a protein known as protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A. This protein is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which plays a crucial role in cell signaling and regulation.

Function

The PTPRA protein functions as a receptor-type PTP, which means it is involved in the dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues in target proteins. By removing phosphate groups from specific tyrosine residues, PTPRA regulates various cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and migration.

Structure

The PTPRA gene is located on chromosome 20 in humans and consists of multiple exons that encode different domains of the protein. The protein structure of PTPRA includes an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular catalytic domain responsible for its phosphatase activity.

Role in Disease

Mutations in the PTPRA gene have been associated with certain diseases, including cancer and neurological disorders. Dysregulation of PTPRA expression or activity can disrupt normal cell signaling pathways, leading to abnormal cell growth and disease progression.

Interactions

PTPRA interacts with various signaling molecules and proteins within the cell, forming complexes that modulate signaling cascades. Some of the known interacting partners of PTPRA include growth factor receptors, cytoskeletal proteins, and other PTP family members.

Clinical Significance

Due to its involvement in cell signaling and disease pathways, PTPRA has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of certain diseases. Targeting PTPRA activity may offer new strategies for developing novel therapies against cancer and other conditions.

References

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