Packed red cells

Packed red cells, also known as packed red blood cells (PRBCs), are blood products that have been separated and processed from whole blood donations. They are used in transfusion medicine to restore the hemoglobin level and oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood in patients with anemia or significant blood loss.

History

The use of packed red cells in transfusion medicine dates back to the early 20th century, when blood transfusion techniques were first being developed. The process of separating whole blood into its component parts, including packed red cells, was a significant advancement in the field.

Preparation

Packed red cells are prepared from whole blood donations. The blood is first collected from a donor, then it is processed in a laboratory. The whole blood is centrifuged to separate the blood cells from the plasma. The plasma is then removed, leaving behind the packed red cells. This process reduces the volume of the blood product, making it safer and more efficient for transfusion.

Uses

Packed red cells are primarily used in the treatment of anemia and blood loss. They are often used in surgery, trauma care, and treatment of diseases such as cancer and sickle cell anemia. They are also used in the management of chronic diseases like kidney disease that can cause anemia.

Risks and Complications

While packed red cell transfusions are generally safe, there are potential risks and complications. These include transfusion reactions, infection, and iron overload. Transfusion reactions can be immediate or delayed, and can range from mild to severe. Infections can be transmitted through transfusions, although this risk is low due to rigorous blood screening procedures. Iron overload can occur in patients who receive frequent transfusions over a long period of time.

See Also

• Blood transfusion
• Blood donation
• Blood products
• Anemia
• Hemoglobin