Parotid fascia

Parotid fascia is a fibrous layer of tissue that surrounds the parotid gland, a major salivary gland located in the human face. The parotid fascia is part of the deep cervical fascia, which is a complex network of connective tissues that envelop various structures in the neck and head.

Etymology

The term "parotid" is derived from the Greek words "para" (beside) and "otid" (ear), referring to the gland's location near the ear. "Fascia" is a Latin term meaning "band" or "bandage," which describes the tissue's function as a protective layer.

Structure

The parotid fascia is a dense, fibrous sheath that encapsulates the parotid gland. It is continuous with the superficial layer of deep cervical fascia and extends from the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible. The fascia is thicker in the anterior part, where it is attached to the masseter muscle, and thinner in the posterior part, where it blends with the parotid gland.

Function

The primary function of the parotid fascia is to protect the parotid gland and its associated structures, including the facial nerve and the parotid duct. It also provides structural support and helps maintain the shape of the gland.

Clinical significance

Inflammation or infection of the parotid gland, known as parotitis, can cause swelling and pain in the parotid fascia. This condition is often associated with mumps, a viral infection that primarily affects the salivary glands. Other conditions that can affect the parotid fascia include parotid gland tumors and parotid duct obstruction.

See also

• Parotid gland
• Deep cervical fascia
• Parotitis
• Mumps

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