Parovarium

Parovarium is a small, but significant anatomical structure located in the female reproductive system, specifically within the broad ligament of the ovary. It is also known as the epoophoron or organ of Rosenmüller. The parovarium consists of a series of small tubes or ducts that are remnants of the Wolffian duct, which is more prominent during the embryonic development of male fetuses. In females, these ducts typically degenerate, but the parovarium remains as a vestigial structure adjacent to the fallopian tubes and ovary.

Structure

The parovarium is composed of 10-15 thin, elongated ducts known as the parovarian ducts or efferent ducts, which are parallel and converge towards the infundibulum of the fallopian tube. These ducts are remnants of the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct system. The most prominent of these ducts is the duct of Gartner, which can extend from the parovarium down to the vagina.

Function

In the adult female, the parovarium has no known significant function, as it is considered a vestigial structure. During fetal development, however, it represents an important part of the Wolffian body, which is involved in the development of the male reproductive system in male embryos.

Clinical Significance

While the parovarium itself is typically asymptomatic and does not have a direct role in reproductive health, its presence can be associated with certain medical conditions. Parovarian cysts, for example, are fluid-filled cysts that can develop from the tissue of the parovarium. These cysts are usually benign and may not present symptoms, but in some cases, they can grow large enough to cause pain or discomfort. Surgical removal may be necessary if the cysts cause significant symptoms or complications.

See Also

• Ovary
• Fallopian tube
• Wolffian duct
• Mesonephric duct
• Female reproductive system