Patiromer

Patiromer is a medication used in the treatment of hyperkalemia, a condition characterized by elevated levels of potassium in the blood. It is a type of potassium binder that works by binding to potassium in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing its absorption and facilitating its excretion.

Mechanism of Action

Patiromer works by exchanging calcium for potassium in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the colon. This exchange leads to the binding of potassium, reducing its concentration in the gastrointestinal lumen and decreasing its overall systemic absorption. The bound potassium is then excreted from the body through the feces.

Uses

Patiromer is primarily used in the management of hyperkalemia, especially in patients who are unable to manage their condition through diet modification or other treatments. It is often used in patients with chronic kidney disease or those taking certain medications that can increase blood potassium levels, such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers.

Side Effects

Common side effects of patiromer include constipation, diarrhea, and nausea. In rare cases, it can cause severe gastrointestinal adverse effects such as bowel obstruction or perforation.

Contraindications

Patiromer is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. It is also contraindicated in patients with severe constipation, bowel obstruction or impaction, including abnormal post-operative bowel motility disorders, and in patients undergoing emergency surgery.

Interactions

Patiromer can interact with other medications, particularly those that are taken orally. It can bind to other orally administered medications, potentially reducing their absorption and effectiveness.

Pharmacokinetics

Patiromer is not systemically absorbed. Its action is localized to the gastrointestinal tract, where it binds to potassium and facilitates its excretion.